Grade: 11-12
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.11-12.2a
Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information so that each new element builds on that which precedes it to create a unified whole; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., figures, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
Grade: 11-12
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.11-12.2b
Develop the topic thoroughly by selecting the most significant and relevant facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience’s knowledge of the topic.
Grade: 11-12
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.11-12.2c
Use appropriate and varied transitions and syntax to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among complex ideas and concepts.
Grade: 11-12
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.11-12.2e
Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing.
Grade: 03
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.3.2b
Develop the topic with facts, definitions, and details.
Grade: 03
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.3.2c
Use linking words and phrases (e.g., also, another, and, more, but) to connect ideas within categories of information.
Grade: 03
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.3.2d
Provide a concluding statement or section.
Grade: 04
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.2b
Develop the topic with facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples related to the topic.
Grade: 04
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.2c
Link ideas within categories of information using words and phrases (e.g., another, for example, also, because).
Grade: 04
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.2d
Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
Grade: 04
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.2e
Provide a concluding statement or section related to the information or explanation presented.
Grade: 04
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.9a
Apply grade 4 Reading standards to literature (e.g., “Describe in depth a character, setting, or event in a story or drama, drawing on specific details in the text [e.g., a character’s thoughts, words, or actions].”).
Grade: 04
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.9b
Apply grade 4 Reading standards to informational texts (e.g., “Explain how an author uses reasons and evidence to support particular points in a text”).
Grade: 05
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.5.2b
Develop the topic with facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples related to the topic.
Grade: 05
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.5.2c
Link ideas within and across categories of information using words, phrases, and clauses (e.g., in contrast, especially).
Grade: 05
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.5.2d
Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
Grade: 05
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.5.2e
Provide a concluding statement or section related to the information or explanation presented.
Grade: 05
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.5.9b
Apply grade 5 Reading standards to informational texts (e.g., “Explain how an author uses reasons and evidence to support particular points in a text, identifying which reasons and evidence support which point[s]”).
Grade: 06
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.2a
Introduce a topic; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
Grade: 06
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.2b
Develop the topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples.
Grade: 06
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.2c
Use appropriate transitions to clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
Grade: 06
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.2d
Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
Grade: 06
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.2e
Establish and maintain a formal style.
Grade: 06
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.2f
Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from the information or explanation presented.
Grade: 06
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.9a
Apply grade 6 Reading standards to literature (e.g., “Compare and contrast texts in different forms or genres [e.g., stories and poems; historical novels and fantasy stories] in terms of their approaches to similar themes and topics”).
Grade: 07
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.7.2a
Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
Grade: 07
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.7.2b
Develop the topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples.
Grade: 07
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.7.2c
Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
Grade: 07
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.7.2d
Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
Grade: 07
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.7.2e
Establish and maintain a formal style.
Grade: 07
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.7.2f
Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented.
Grade: 08
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.2a
Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information into broader categories; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
Grade: 08
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.2b
Develop the topic with relevant, well-chosen facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples.
Grade: 08
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.2c
Use appropriate and varied transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
Grade: 08
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.2d
Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
Grade: 08
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.2e
Establish and maintain a formal style.
Grade: 08
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.2f
Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented.
Grade: 08
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.8.9b
Apply grade 8 Reading standards to literary nonfiction (e.g., “Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is sound and the evidence is relevant and sufficient; recognize when irrelevant evidence is introduced”).
Grade: 09, 10
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.9-10.2a
Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information to make important connections and distinctions; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., figures, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
Grade: 09, 10
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.9-10.2b
Develop the topic with well-chosen, relevant, and sufficient facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience’s knowledge of the topic.
Grade: 09, 10
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.9-10.2c
Use appropriate and varied transitions to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among complex ideas and concepts.
Grade: 09, 10
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.9-10.2d
Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to manage the complexity of the topic.
Grade: 09, 10
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.9-10.2e
Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing.
Grade: 09, 10
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.9-10.2f
Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented (e.g., articulating implications or the significance of the topic).
Grade: 09, 10
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.9-10.9a
Apply grades 9–10 Reading standards to literature (e.g., “Analyze how an author draws on and transforms source material in a specific work [e.g., how Shakespeare treats a theme or topic from Ovid or the Bible or how a later author draws on a play by Shakespeare]”).